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1.
Acta cir. bras ; 36(1): e360105, 2021. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1152695

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Purpose To investigate the relationship between atherosclerotic abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) and CXC chemokine receptor type 2 (CXCR2). Methods Mouse AAA model was established by embedding angiotensin-II pump (1000 ng/kg/min) in ApoE-/- mice. Mice were received SB225002, a selective CXCR2 antagonist, for treatment. Blood pressure was recorded, and CXCR2+ macrophages were examined by flow cytometry analysis. Terminal-deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining was performed to detect cell apoptosis of abdominal aortic aneurysms. Macrophages were isolated from ApoE-/- mice and treated with Ang II and/or SB225002. Dihydroethidium staining was carried out to determine reactive oxygen species (ROS) activity. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed to determine the production of IL-1β and TNF-α. The corresponding gene expressions were measured using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), western blot, and immunohistochemistry staining. Results We found that Ang II activated the expression of CXCR2 in monocytes during the formation of AAA. Inhibition of CXCR2 significantly reduced the size of AAA, attenuated inflammation and phenotypic changes in blood vessels. Ang II-induced macrophages exhibited elevated ROS activity, and elevated levels of 1β and TNF-α, which were then partly abolished by SB225002. Conclusions CXCR2 plays an important role in AAA, suggesting that inhibiting CXCR2 may be a new treatment for AAA.


Subject(s)
Animals , Mice , Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/prevention & control , Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/drug therapy , Apolipoproteins E/genetics , Angiotensin II , Receptors, Interleukin-8B , Disease Models, Animal , Macrophages , Mice, Inbred C57BL
2.
Acta Academiae Medicinae Sinicae ; (6): 962-968, 2021.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-921566

ABSTRACT

Abdominal aortic aneurysm(AAA)is a common aortic degenerative disease in the elderly,and its incidence is gradually increasing with the aging of the population.There are no specific drugs available to delay the expansion of AAA.Once the aneurysm ruptures,the mortality will exceed 90%,which seriously threatens the life of patients.Given the high incidence of AAA in the elderly,this review discusses the role of vascular aging in the pathogenesis of AAA,involving chronic inflammation,oxidative stress,mitochondrial dysfunction,protein homeostasis imbalance,increased apoptosis and necrosis,extracellular matrix remodeling,nutritional sensing disorders,epigenetic changes,and increased pro-aging factors.Meanwhile,several potential aging-related drug targets of AAA are listed.This review provides new ideas for basic and translational medical research of AAA.


Subject(s)
Aged , Animals , Humans , Aging , Aorta, Abdominal , Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/drug therapy , Disease Models, Animal , Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism , Oxidative Stress
3.
Rev. salud bosque ; 9(2): 73-77, 2019.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1103317

ABSTRACT

Introducción. El dolor agudo posoperatorio luego de una cirugía abierta de reparación de un aneurisma de la aorta abdominal usualmente es de gran intensidad; adicionalmente, pueden presentarse complicaciones in-traoperatorias que aumentan la nocicepción. Aunque los opioides son la base del tratamiento analgésico, su utilización está limitada por el riesgo de depresión respiratoria y su potencial de abuso. La ketamina es una opción que proporciona analgesia y disminuye la utilización de opioides. Presentación del caso. Paciente masculino de 62 años con aneurisma de la aorta abdominal a quien se le realizó reparación endovascular y por laparotomía. En el posoperatorio presentó embolismo distal con dolor se-vero que requirió explante de endoprótesis y revascularización. El dolor fue descrito como severo a insoportable, de tipo corrientazo e incidental y con alodinia plantar, disminución de la propiocepción y ausencia de pul-sos; la electromiografía reportó polineuropatía axonal de expresión mode-rada a severa con compromiso asimétrico sugestivo de lesión del plexo. Discusión. Se consideró isquemia bilateral de plexo lumbosacro y se adi-cionó ketamina en infusión (bolo=1 mg/kg más infusión 0.5 mg/kg/hora), con lo cual se obtuvo mejoría significativa sin efectos secundarios y dismi-nución de la necesidad de opioides. Conclusión. La analgesia multimodal con ketamina es útil para tratar el dolor posoperatorio en cirugía de reparación de aneurisma abdominal con reducción de las necesidades de opioides.


Introduction. acute postoperative pain after abdominal aortic aneurysm is of high intensity; intraoperative complications may occur that increase nociception. Although opioids are the basis of analgesic treatment, their use is limited by the risk of respi-ratory depression and its potential for abuse. Ketamine is an option that provides analgesia and decreases the use of opioids.Case presentation. 62-year-old male patient with abdominal aortic aneurysm who underwent endovascular and open re-pair. In the postoperative period he developed contralateral distal embolism with severe pain in the right buttock that re-quired the stent explant and new revascularization. The pain was described as severe, incidental, with plantar allodynia, de-creased proprioception and absence of pulses; electromyogra-phy reported moderate to severe axonal polyneuropathy with asymmetric compromise suggestive of plexus injury. Discussion. bilateral lumbosacral plexus ischemia was suspec-ted, and ketamine was started (bolus = 1mg / kg plus infusion 0.5 mg / kg / hour), with significant improvement. Conclusion. multimodal analgesia with ketamine is useful for postoperative analgesia in abdominal aneurysm repair surgery with improved analgesia and reduced opioid requirements.


Introdução. A dor aguda no pósoperatório após uma cirurgia aberta para reparar um aneurisma da aorta abdominal é geral-mente de grande intensidade; Alémdisso, podem ocorrer com-plicações intraoperatórias que aumentam a nocicepção. Embo-ra os opióides sejam a base do tratamento analgésico, seu uso é limitado pelo risco de depressão respiratória e seu potencial de abuso. A ketamina é uma opção que fornece analgesia e diminui o uso de opióides.Apresentação de caso. Paciente do sexo masculino, 62 anos, com aneurisma da aorta abdominal, submetido a reparo endo-vascular e laparotomia. No pós-operatório, apresentava embo-lia distal com dor intensa que exigia stent e explante de revas-cularização. A dor foi descrita como severa a insuportável, de curto prazo e incidental e com alodinia plantar, diminuição da propriocepção e ausência de pulsos; A eletromiografia relatou polineuropatia axonal moderada a grave com comprometi-mento assimétrico sugestivo de lesão do plexo.Discussão. Considerou-se isquemia bilateral do plexo lombos-sacro e a ketamina foi adicionada como infusão (bolus = 1 mg / kg mais infusão 0,5 mg / kg / hora), o que resultou em melhora significativa sem efeitos colaterais e diminuição da necessidade de opioides.Conclusão. A analgesia multimodal com ketamina é útil no tra-tamento da dor pós-operatória em cirurgias de reparo de aneu-risma abdominal com necessidade reduzida de opióides.


Subject(s)
Humans , Middle Aged , Pain Management , Ketamine/therapeutic use , Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/drug therapy , Median Neuropathy
4.
Brasília; CONITEC; mar. 2017.
Non-conventional in Portuguese | LILACS, BRISA | ID: biblio-906986

ABSTRACT

INTRODUÇÃO: O diâmetro máximo normal da aorta abdominal é de 2,0 cm. A dilatação da aorta abdominal quando atinge um diâmetro 50% maior do que o esperado, ou 3,0 cm nos adultos, é chamada de aneurisma. Aneurismas de aorta abdominal (AAA) são encontrados incidentalmente com frequência, sobretudo na população idosa, sendo responsáveis por 90 a 95% de todos os casos de aneurismas de aorta. Estima-se que a prevalência dos AAA é de 2% na população com faixa etária de 60 anos, e em cerca de 5% após os 70 anos, sendo 2 a 3 vezes mais comum no sexo masculino. TECNOLOGIAS: Tratamento clínico: Não consideramos nesta diretriz a avaliação crítica do tratamento clínico. Portadores de AAA devem ser aconselhados a cessar o hábito de fumar e encorajados a procurar tratamento apropriado para hipertensão arterial sistêmica, dislipidemia, diabetes mellitus e outros fatores de risco cardiovasculares. Tratamento cirúrgico: O reparo cirúrgico aberto consiste em uma incisão abdominal e a substituição de parte da aorta, lesionada pelo aneurisma, por um tubo sintético ou enxerto aórtico, que é suturado no local. Nesta diretriz, os termos cirurgia, cirurgia aberta e tratamento cirúrgico são sinônimos. Tratamento endovascular :O tratamento endovascular do AAA (Endovascular Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair - EVAR) é uma forma de tratamento para o aneurisma de aorta abdominal que é menos invasiva do que a cirurgia aberta. O tratamento endovascular usa uma endoprótese para reforçar a parede da aorta e para ajudar a impedir que a área lesionada se rompa. O procedimento consiste na punção da artéria femoral em região inguinal, acesso ao aneurisma através de um fio guia e liberação da endoprótese no interior da aorta, no local do aneurisma. ESCOPO: O escopo desta diretriz é definir qual o melhor tratamento (clínico, cirúrgico ou endovascular (EVAR)) para o AAA em relação a desfechos importantes para os pacientes (mortalidade cirúrgica, mortalidade global, reintervenções, infarto do miocárdio e acidente vascular cerebral). Não foram incluídos neste protocolo os aneurismas torácicos, aneurismas infecciosos e os casos de dissecção de aorta. IMPLEMENTAÇÃO: A incorporação das recomendações da diretriz na prática clínica é uma etapa de grande importância. Devemos contar com a participação das organizações médicas e dos pacientes, que podem desempenhar um papel fundamental no apoio à disseminação da informação e facilitar a implementação da diretriz. Algumas estratégias serão utilizadas para que essa informação alcance a todos os interessados de forma clara e compreensível. RECOMENDAÇÕES: As recomendações desta diretriz foram estruturadas após a avaliação da qualidade do corpo de evidências para cada desfecho e comparação entre intervenções. Consideramos a direção e a força da recomendação segundo o método GRADE (The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation). O equilíbrio entre os resultados desejáveis e indesejáveis (possíveis danos e benefícios) e a aplicação de valores e preferências do paciente determinou a direção da recomendação (contra ou a favor). Tais fatores, juntamente com a qualidade das evidências, determinaram a força da recomendação (forte ou fraca).


Subject(s)
Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/drug therapy , Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/surgery , Clinical Protocols/standards , Endovascular Procedures/methods , Practice Guidelines as Topic , Brazil , Technology Assessment, Biomedical , Unified Health System
5.
Clinics ; 71(6): 302-310, tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-787419

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: Behcet’s disease is a form of systematic vasculitis that affects vessels of various sizes. Aortic pseudoaneurysm is one of the most important causes of death among patients with Behcet’s disease due to its high risk of rupture and associated mortality. Our study aimed to investigate the outcomes of Behcet’s disease patients with aortic pseudoaneurysms undergoing open surgery and endovascular aortic repair. METHODS: From January 2003 to September 2014, ten consecutive patients undergoing surgery for aortic pseudoaneurysm met the diagnostic criteria for Behcet’s disease. Endovascular repair was the preferred modality and open surgery was performed as an alternative. Systemic immunosuppressive medication was administered after Behcet’s disease was definitively diagnosed. RESULTS: Eight patients initially underwent endovascular repair and two patients initially underwent open surgery. The overall success rate was 90% and the only failed case involved the use of the chimney technique to reach a suprarenal location. The median follow-up duration was 23 months. There were 7 recurrences in 5 patients. The median interval between operation and recurrence was 13 months. No significant risk factors for recurrence were identified, but a difference in recurrence between treatment and non-treatment with preoperative immunosuppressive medication preoperatively was notable. Four aneurysm-related deaths occurred within the follow-up period. The overall 1-year, 3-year and 5-year survival rates were 80%, 64% and 48%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Both open surgery and endovascular repair are safe and effective for treating aortic pseudoaneurysm in Behcet’s disease patients. The results from our retrospective study indicated that immunosuppressive medication was essential to defer the occurrence and development of recurrent aneurysms.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Middle Aged , Behcet Syndrome/surgery , Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/surgery , Aneurysm, False/surgery , Endovascular Procedures/methods , Postoperative Period , Recurrence , Time Factors , Behcet Syndrome/complications , Behcet Syndrome/mortality , Survival Rate , Retrospective Studies , Treatment Outcome , Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/etiology , Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/mortality , Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/drug therapy , Aneurysm, False/etiology , Aneurysm, False/mortality , Aneurysm, False/drug therapy , Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation/methods , Immunosuppressive Agents/therapeutic use
6.
Korean Journal of Radiology ; : 215-218, 2000.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-74873

ABSTRACT

Tuberculous aneurysm of the aorta is exceedingly rare. To date, the standard therapy for mycotic aneurysm of the abdominal aorta has been surgery involving in-situ graft placement or extra-anatomic bypass surgery followed by effective anti-tuberculous medication. Only recently has the use of a stent graft in the treat-ment of tuberculous aortic aneurysm been described in the literature. We report two cases in which a tuberculous aneurysm of the abdominal aorta was success-fully repaired using endovascular stent grafts. One case involved is a 42-year-old woman with a large suprarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm and a right psoas abscess, and the other, a 41-year-old man in whom an abdominal aortic aneurysm ruptured during surgical drainage of a psoas abscess.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Aneurysm, Infected/drug therapy , Antitubercular Agents/therapeutic use , Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/drug therapy , Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation , Psoas Abscess/surgery , Stents , Tuberculosis, Cardiovascular/drug therapy
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